“Paraesophageal hernia repair remains a staple in the armamentarium of the foregut surgeon. Current literature suggests paraesophageal hernia repair should be approached
in a patient-centered, precision medicine manner. In general, hernia reduction, sac excision, and primary suture approximation of the hiatal crura are mandatory. Use of mesh should be based on individual risk factors; if mesh is used, biological meshes appear to have a more favorable safety profile, with the “reverse C” or keyhole configuration allowing for increase in crural tensile strength at it most vulnerable areas.”

“Paraesophageal hernia is an increasingly common problem. There are controversies over whether and when paraesophageal hernias should be surgically repaired. In addition, if these hernias are to be repaired, the method of repair, need for mesh reinforcement, need for fundoplication, and need for gastropexy are not uniformly accepted”

Rogers MP et al Narrative review of management controversies for paraesophageal hernia. J Thorac Dis. 2021 Jul;13(7):4476-4483. Free Full Text