Category Archives: Preoperative

Evaluation of pre- and post- operative cognitive function and neurodegenerative markers

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“One of the largest controversies in perioperative medicine over the last quarter century has been whether anesthesia and surgery contribute to long-term cognitive decline and/or the development of dementia in older adults. This question has major public health implications, since approximately half of adults over 65 will undergo at least one surgery, and over 120,000 Americans will die of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) per year.”

“Neurocognitive changes after non-cardiac, non-neurologic surgery in the majority of cognitively healthy, community-dwelling older adults are unlikely to be related to postoperative changes in AD neuropathology (as assessed by CSF Aβ, tau or p-tau-181p levels or the p-tau-181p/Aβor tau/Aβratios).”

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PREOPERATIVE URETERAL STENT PLACEMENT IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF INTRAOPERATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF IATROGENIC URETERAL INJURY?

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“The use of prophylactic ureteral stents remains controversial and could help in the intraoperative identification of ureteral injury.”

Methods:
Patients undergoing elective abdominal colorectal surgery and preoperative ureteral stent placement at three enterprise-wide tertiary referral hospitals between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively identified through their billing records. The main study endpoint was ureteral injury identified within 30 days postoperatively. The decision to place ureteral stents was at the discretion of the treating surgeon. A number of demographic, disease-related, and treatment-related variables were examined for possible association with ureteral stent placement. We compared the incidence of ureteral injury and timing of the identification according to use of ureteral stents. Bivariate associations were examined using Kruskal-Wallis tests for continuous variables and Chi-square tests for categorical variables.


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