Essential articles: Breast, Melanoma, and Endocrine Surgery

Posted on September 8, 2021 by E. Lawson

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Breast

Boughey JC, et al. Sentinel lymph node surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with node-positive breast cancer: the ACOSOG Z1071 (Alliance) clinical trial. JAMA. 2013 Oct 9;310(14):1455-61.

Krag DN, Anderson SJ, Julian TB, et al. Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2010 Oct;11(10):927-33. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70207-2. PMID: 20863759.

Fisher CS, et al. The Landmark Series: Axillary Management in Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Mar;27(3):724-729.

Giuliano AE, et al. Effect of Axillary Dissection vs No Axillary Dissection on 10-Year Overall Survival Among Women With Invasive Breast Cancer and Sentinel Node Metastasis: The ACOSOG Z0011 (Alliance) RCT. JAMA. 2017 Sep 12;318(10):918-926.

Giuliano AE, Hunt KK, Ballman KV, et al. Axillary dissection vs no axillary dissection in women with invasive breast cancer and sentinel node metastasis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2011 Feb 9;305(6):569-75. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.90. PMID: 21304082.

Sparano JA, et al. Adjuvant Chemotherapy Guided by a 21-Gene Expression Assay in Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 12;379(2):111-121. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1804710.

Valente SA, Shah C. The Landmark Series: Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jul;27(7): 2203-2211.

Weiss A, et al. The Landmark Series: Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Sep;27(9): 3393-3401.

Yan M, et al. Axillary Management in Breast Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the Key Trials Clin Breast Cancer. 2018 Dec;18(6):e1251-e1259.

Margenthaler JA, et al. The Landmark Series: Breast Conservation Trials (including oncoplastic breast surgery). Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Apr;28(4):2120-2127.

Elmore LC, et al. The Landmark Series: Mastectomy Trials (Skin-Sparing and Nipple-Sparing and Reconstruction Landmark Trials). Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Jan;28(1):273-280.

Leon-Ferre RA, et al. The Landmark Series: Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative and HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Apr;28(4):2111-2119.

Melanoma & Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers

Beasley GM, et al. The Landmark Series: Regional Therapy of Recurrent Cutaneous Melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jan;27(1):35-42.

Egger ME, et al. The Sunbelt Melanoma Trial. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jan;27(1):28-34.

Bello DM, Faries MB. The Landmark Series: MSLT-1, MSLT-2 and DeCOG (Management of Lymph Nodes). Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jan;27(1):15-21.

Angeles CV, Wong SL, Karakousis G. The Landmark Series: Randomized Trials Examining Surgical Margins for Cutaneous Melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jan;27(1):3-12.

Spillane AJ, et al. The Landmark Series: Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy (NAST) for Stage 3 Melanoma Patients – A Potential Paradigm Shift in Management. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jul; 27(7):2188-2200.

Other Skin Cancer

Lee AY, Berman RS. The Landmark Series: Non-melanoma Skin Cancers. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jan;27(1):22-27.

Thyroid

Patel KN, et al. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES) Guidelines for the Definitive Surgical Management of Thyroid Disease in Adults. Ann Surg. 2020 Mar;271(3):e21-e93. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003580. PMID: 32079830.

Haugen BR, et al. The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2016 Jan;26(1):1-133. See also: 2015 ATA Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: What is new and what has changed?

Adrenal

Mpaili E, et al. Laparoscopic Versus Open Adrenalectomy for Localized/Locally Advanced Primary Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ENSAT I-III) in Adults: Is Margin-Free Resection the Key Surgical Factor that Dictates Outcome? A Review of the Literature. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2018 Apr;28(4):408-414.

Birsen O, et al. A new risk stratification algorithm for the management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Surgery. 2014 Oct;156(4):959-65.

Zeiger MA, et al. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Association of Endocrine Surgeons medical guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentalomas. Endocr Pract. 2009 Jul-Aug;15 Suppl 1:1-20.

Sturgeon C, et al. Risk assessment in 457 adrenal cortical carcinomas: how much does tumor size predict the likelihood of malignancy? J Am Coll Surg. 2006 Mar;202(3):423-30.

Smith CD, et al. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: new gold standard. World J Surg. 1999 Apr;23(4):389-96.

Lenders JW, et al.; Endocrine Society. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Jun;99(6):1915-42. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-1498. PMID: 24893135.

Essential articles: Transplant

Posted on September 8, 2021 by E. Lawson

Kidney

Lentine KL, et al. OPTN/SRTR 2020 Annual Data Report: Kidney. Am J Transplant. 2022 Mar;22 Suppl 2:21-136.

Vincenti F, Charpentier B, Vanrenterghem Y, et al. A phase III study of belatacept-based immunosuppression regimens versus cyclosporine in renal transplant recipients (BENEFIT study). Am J Transplant. 2010 Mar;10(3):535-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.03005.x. PMID: 20415897.

Liver

Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996 Mar 14;334(11):693-9. PMID: 8594428.

Essential articles: Surgical oncology

Posted on September 8, 2021 by E. Lawson

Abdominal (Malignant):

Al-Batran SE, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel versus fluorouracil or capecitabine plus cisplatin and epirubicin for locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FLOT4): a randomised, phase 2/3 trial Lancet. 2019 May 11;393(10184):1948-1957. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32557-1.

Shapiro J, et al. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial Lancet Oncol. 2015 Sep;16(9):1090-1098. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00040-6.

Degiuli M, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing survival after D1 or D2 gastrectomy for gastric cancer Br J Surg. 2014 Jan;101(2):23-31. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9345.

Bang YJ, et al. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial Lancet. 2010 Aug 28;376(9742):687-97. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61121-X.

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Essential articles: Critical Care

Posted on September 3, 2021 by E. Lawson

SEPSIS

Brown RM, et al. Balanced Crystalloids versus Saline in Sepsis. A Secondary Analysis of the SMART Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Dec 15;200(12):1487-1495. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0557OC.

Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1063-e1143. PMID: 34605781.

Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, et al.; CORTICUS Study Group. Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jan 10;358(2):111-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa071366. PMID: 18184957.

Khanna A, English SW, Wang XS,et al.; ATHOS-3 Investigators. Angiotensin II for the Treatment of Vasodilatory Shock. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 3;377(5):419-430. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1704154. PMID: 28528561.

RESUSCITATION

Brown RM, et al. Balanced Crystalloids versus Saline in Sepsis. A Secondary Analysis of the SMART Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Dec 15;200(12):1487-1495. See also: Surgical Focus: The use of balanced crystalloids versus saline in sepsis

Chabot E, Nirula R. Open abdomen critical care management principles: resuscitation, fluid balance, nutrition, and ventilator management. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open. 2017 Sep 3;2(1): e000063.

Hébert PC, Wells G, Blajchman MA, et al. A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care (TRICC). Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care Investigators, Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1999 Feb 11;340(6):409-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199902113400601. Erratum in: N Engl J Med 1999 Apr 1;340(13):1056. PMID: 9971864.

Finfer S, et al.; SAFE Study Investigators. A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med. 2004 May 27;350(22):2247-56. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040232. PMID: 15163774.

NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators, Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, et al. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26;360(13):1283-97. PMID: 19318384.

Krag M, Marker S, Perner A, et al.; SUP-ICU trial group. Pantoprazole in Patients at Risk for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the ICU. N Engl J Med. 2018 Dec 6;379(23):2199-2208. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1714919. PMID: 30354950.

Essential articles: Endocrine

Posted on September 3, 2021 by E. Lawson

Adrenal:

Birsen O, et al. A new risk stratification algorithm for the management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Surgery. 2014 Oct;156(4):959-65.

Sturgeon C, et al. Risk assessment in 457 adrenal cortical carcinomas: how much does tumor size predict the likelihood of malignancy? J Am Coll Surg. 2006 Mar;202(3):423-30.

Smith CD, et al. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: new gold standard. World J Surg. 1999 Apr;23(4):389-96.

Thyroid:

Patel KN, et al. Executive Summary of the AAES Guidelines for the Definitive Surgical Management of Thyroid Disease in Adults. Ann Surg. 2020 Mar;271(3):399-410.

Should VICRYL mesh be used routinely during abdominal wall closure?

Posted on September 3, 2021 by E. Lawson

No. Because of its properties, it will render an abdomen impossible to re-enter for a minimum of 3 months. Should you have a need to reenter the abdomen within the ten-day window that surgeons have traditionally considered safe for abdominal re-entry, placement of VICRYL® mesh will render the abdomen ‘hostile’ for a minimum of three months.

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Article of interest: Serum C-reactive protein is a useful marker to exclude anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery

Posted on September 3, 2021 by E. Lawson

Messias BA, et al. Serum C-reactive protein is a useful marker to exclude anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 3;10(1):1687.

Abstract: Anastomotic leakage is a complication of colorectal surgery. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase marker that can indicate surgical complications. We determined whether serum CRP levels in patients who had undergone colorectal surgery can be used to exclude the presence of anastomotic leakage and allow safe early discharge. We included 90 patients who underwent colorectal surgery with primary anastomosis. Serum CRP levels were measured retrospectively on postoperative days (PODs) 1 – 7. Patients with anastomotic leakage (n = 11) were compared to those without leakage (n = 79). We statistically analysed data and plotted receiver operating characteristic curves. The incidence of anastomotic leakage was 12.2%. Diagnoses were made on PODs 3 – 24. The overall mortality rate was 3.3% (18.2% in the leakage group, 1.3% in the non-leakage group; P < 0.045). CRP levels were most accurate on POD 4, with a cutoff level of 180 mg/L, showing an area under the curve of 0.821 and a negative predictive value of 97.2%. Lower CRP levels after POD 2 and levels <180 mg/L on POD 4 may indicate the absence of anastomotic leakage and may allow safe discharge of patients who had undergone colorectal surgery with primary anastomosis.

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